目　录

世界养鱼工业的技术进步与问题

21世纪纳米科技(Nanost)在水产养殖业中的应用前景

我国水族馆发展浅析

SGP-951型卫星导航仪的设计

渔船产品钢材消耗量估算公式

中国闭式养殖系统的发展

我国射流式增氧机的发展现状

水力浚塘工艺新论

大规格对虾虾种高密度培育技术及设施

SQY7型潜走式池塘清淤机研究

鱼菜共生技术及系统工程研究

ZRD8-500型双钩型织网机

渔船绞纲机标准探讨

鸡粪制饲料蛋白的研究

ZRD-8-500型织网机的设计

直流稳速电动机的动态分析

植物蛋白在虾、鳗饲料中应用及其加工工艺设备的探讨

工业化养鱼工程设计浅谈

立式泥浆泵的转矩测试方法及装置探讨

微囊颗粒饲料的加工技术及在培育幼仔鱼虾中的试验

东海冬季海面温锋带的观察与分析

褐藻酸一步法脱水技术研究

有限元素法建立水泵流体动力学问题计算格式

啤酒糟饲料化加工技术的研究

漂洗鱼糜生产线工艺流程和设备

双螺杆膨化机螺杆结构与参数初探

人造奶油加工设备

高水分食品糟渣机械脱水的研究

湿法鱼粉生产汁液浓缩设备的研制

应用面积增量函数改造横剖面面积曲线

探鱼仪磷虾回波积分系统简介

外海抗风浪网箱系统

单螺杆与双螺杆膨化机的特性比较

罗兰C相位编码技术及其应用

中国渔业机械化调查和区划

中国钢质海洋渔船图集

水产养殖实用手册

 

 

 

【摘要】 本文叙述了世界养鱼工业近年来技术进步的20个方面，我国养鱼工业发展中存在的10个方面问题。我国工业化养鱼起步于七十年代，仅落后国际上十年。但20年来重在铺摊子，不重视养鱼工厂的内部设施建设、提高单产。这种重外延、轻内涵的做法，使我国养鱼工业的技术进步明显落后于国外， 20年来技术上进步不大。(《渔业机械仪器》94/6、95/1)

关键词 世界、养鱼工业

 

Abstract：In this paper, 20 aspects of technical progress of the fish culture industry in the world and 10 problems in the development of the fish culture industry in our country are expounded. The fish culture industry in our country began in the 70`s and lagged behind international lever only for 10 years. But in the past 20 years, the attention to the construction of fish culture factories was paid and the improving its equipments and increasing the unit yield were neglected, therefore the technical progress of fish culture industry in our country lags obviously behind foreign countries and this technique did not greatly advance in recent 20 years. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 94/6, 95/1)

KEY WORDS: world, fish culture industry

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【摘要】 本文提出了纳米科学是21世纪的高科技，它将渗透到各个生产领域，引导一轮新世纪的产业革命的观点。指出将纳米技术引入工业化养鱼，可以低投资、低成本、高质量、高效益地引导新的工业化养鱼革命，创造新的渔业文化。(《现代渔业信息》02/2)

关键词纳米科技(Nanost)、工业化养鱼

 

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The viewpoint of the paper is that the nanometer science is the high science and technique in the 21 century, it will enter all production domains and guide an industrial revolution in new century. The paper points out that the leading Nanost into the industrialized fish farming will be able to guide a new revolution of the industrialized fish farming with features of low investment, low production cost, high quality and high income and create a new fishery civilization. (<<MODERN FISHERY NEWS> 02/2)

KEY WORDS:Nanost, industrialized fish farming

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【摘要】 本文介绍了水族馆的涵义、国外水族馆的发展历史以及水族馆的作用。在介绍我国水族馆的发展史时指出，从1992年到1998年的七年中，是发展最快的时期，且大多为综合型的。最后对国内水族馆的定位、布局，以及新建水族馆的起点提出了建议。(《渔业现代化》00/3)

关键词水族馆、建议

 

A BRIEF ANALYSIS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AQUARIUM IN OUR COUNTRY

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The paper introduces the meaning of the aquarium, the development history of aquariums and its function. While explaining the development history of the domestic aquariums, the paper points out that the most rapid development period was in 7 years 1992-1998, and the most of them in this period are the comprehensive type. At the end, some suggestion is given about the position distribution of the domestic aquarium and the start of the new building aquarium. (<<FISHERY MODERNIZATION>> 00/3)

KEY WORDS: aquarium, proposal

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【摘要】 利用GPS卫星进行船舶定位，可将船位、航向和航迹直观地显示在电子海图上，只需简便的键操作便可完成渔船的导航。本文介绍了针对渔船上电源波动范围大、使用环境条件恶劣等因素，对SGP-951型卫星导航定位仪所作的特殊设计。(《中国水产科学》98/6)

关键词卫星导航、仪器、设计

 

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The position of ship can be determined by using GPS satellites and the ship position, course and track can be visually displayed on the electrical ocean chart for fishery, therefore the fishing vessel can be navigated by means of simple button-operation. The paper introduces that model SGP-951 satellite navigator is specially designed for the severely undulating of the power supply on fishing vessel and adverse usage circumstance of the instrument. (<<CHINESE FISHERY SCIENCE >> 98/6)

KEY WORDS: satellite navigation, instrument, design

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【摘要】 钢材是渔船产品消耗量最大的材料。原材料费用已上升到造船总成本的60%以上。合理确定材料的消耗，节约资源、降低成本，是生产方和业主都十分关心的问题。本文通过对9艘拖网渔船钢材设计净重的分析，找出了渔船钢材消耗量与空船重量间存在一定的关系；在参照《渔船制造行业国家级企业等级标准》规定、征求渔船厂意见后，结合我国渔船厂的实际情况，确定了利用率系数；据此可绘制成钢材消耗定额曲线。通过对40艘渔船钢材消耗资料的回归分析、验证，认为空船重量在400吨以下的拖网渔船的钢材消耗可呈线性变化，进而得出渔船产品钢材消耗量估算公式。(《渔业机械仪器》92/3)

关键词渔船、钢材、消耗

 

CONSUMED IN FISHINGVESSELBUILDING

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：Steel is the most material consumed in fishing vessel building. It is a problem cared by both productive and ship owner’s sides how to reduce the cost by determining reasonable material consumption and saving resource when the material cost rises up above 60% of the total cost of the ship building. In this paper, the relation between the consumed steel quantity and the weight of empty ship is found by analyzing the designed steel net weight of 9 trawlers, Referring to the stipulation of <<Grade standard of national enterprises in fishing vessel building trade>> and asking for the opinions of the fishing vessel shipyard, the utilization coefficient is determined with considering the actuality of the fishing vessel shipyard in our country. A consumed steel quota curve can be drawn out at this base, so that the formula for estimating the consumed steel quantity in fishing vessel building is given, after a regression analysis of the data of the consumed steel quantity of 40 fishing ships is carried out and it is proved that the consumed steel quantity of trawler is in linear change whose weight of empty ship should be under 400t. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>>92/3)

KEY WORDS: fishing vessel, steel material, consumption

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【摘要】中国第一套闭式养殖系统建成于1977年的湖北省，水处理系统是使用加压沙滤器的物理过滤法。该系统中可溶性有机污物的积累，降低了鱼的产量，该系统没有成功。基于中国近年的研究进展，已建成了两种新型的闭式养殖系统，其特点是产量高（100kg/m2），费用低和可靠性好。(《水产养殖工程》(英国出版)90/9)

关键词中国、闭式养殖

 

The Development of Closed Rearing Systems in China

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The first closed rearing system in China was constructed in 1977 in the Hu Bei province. The waste treatment system was physical filtration using a pressure sand filter. The build-up of soluble organic wastes in the system reduced fish yields and this system did not prove successful. Based on recent research in China, two types of closed rearing systems have been developed. Key features of these rearing systems are high productivity (100kg/m2), low costs, and high reliability. (<<Aquaculture Engineering>>9(1990))

KEY WORDS: China, closed farming

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【摘要】推流吸气式增氧机（即本文所述的射流式增氧机）是我国近几年发展起来的增氧机新品种。本文介绍了目前市场上两种主要型式：一是采用潜水电动机直接带动桨叶旋转；二是用普通电动机通过传动轴带动桨叶旋转，但其主要性能指标的动力效率均在0.6 kg/kW?h ~0.8kg/kW?h。现有生产企业十余家，年产量一万多台，主要应用于海水鱼类、名贵淡水鱼类、虾、蟹等的养殖。生产企业主要分三类：一是个体、私营企业，二是某些较大的电机生产企业，三是外资或合资企业。文中指出由于目前尚无该产品的行业标准，企业在生产中缺乏标准指导，用户选购时也只凭生产企业的广告，有些企业就在宣传中夸大产品性能。因此，要加强市场监管，规范竞争。(《现代渔业信息》01/4)

关键词增氧机、推流吸气式、发展

 

PRESENT SITUATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EFFLUX TYPE

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The current-pushing away and air-inhaling type aerator [that is the efflux type aerator mentioned by the paper] is a new kind aerator developed recently in our country. The paper introduces 2 main types at the market, one’s impeller is driven by the diving type motor, the other’s by a common motor with a drive shaft, and their main performance index-power efficiency is between 0.6kg/kW·.h～0.8kg/kW·h. Their manufactories are over 10, with output/year of 10,000 odd/sets, whose main use is in aquaculture for seawater fish, rare freshwater fish, shrimp, crab or other marine products. The enterprises are divided into 3 main types, first, private enterprises, second, the large sized motor manufactories and third, joint venture or foreign venture enterprises. The paper points out that there is no professional standard for the aerator and no standard guild for the enterprises when they produce the aerator. As consumers select and buy aerator according the advertisement of the manufactories, some of them exaggerate the performance of the product in propaganda, and therefore supervision and management at the market must be strengthened to make the competition conform to norm. (<<MODERN FISHERY NEWS>> 01/4)

KEY WORDS: aerator, efflux type, development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【摘要】 水力挖塘机组已普遍推广应用于池塘的清淤和浚深。施工工艺及操作人员的技巧对提高机组功效和经济效益影响很大。本文根据长期施工实践所积累的丰富经验，总结出一套较完整、系统的施工工艺及操作工艺技巧。主要针对在具体的工况条件下，机组的合理选择、机组的现场布置、安装；清淤工序、泥浆泵和管系的移动规则，以及水枪操作手的操作技巧等。(《渔业机械仪器》93/5、6)

关键词水力挖塘、机械、工艺

 

NEW EXPOSITION OF THE HYDRAULIC POND-DREDGING TECHNOLOGY

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The hydraulic pond-digging set is already widely spread to be used to dredge silt from pond or to dig the pond deeper. The executing technology and skill of operator influence greatly on the effect of the set and the economic income. The paper introduces a complete and systematic executing technology and operating skill summed from the rich experience of a long-time execution. They are the reasonable selection of the set, its arrangement, installation according the actual operating condition, silt-dredging procedure, the rule for moving mud pump and its pipe system as well as the operating skill of water gun operator. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 93/5, 6)

KEY WORDS: hydraulic pond –digging, machinery, technology

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【摘要】 随着对虾养殖的迅速发展和大面积推广，在一部分地区苗种供给矛盾日渐突出，减少用苗量、提高成活率将直接关系到养殖的经济效益。本文介绍了采用室内水泥池人工控温、控水质、控饲料的方法，变自然环境为人工控制生态环境，以达到高密度培育大规格对虾虾种的技术和相应设施。利用该技术和设施培育出池的虾种规格在2cm左右，放养密度0.8万尾/亩～1万尾/亩（比常规放养密度减少2/3），成活率在80%左右，养成后单产提高40%以上，成虾规格大，经济效益明显。(《渔业机械仪器》91/1)

关键词对虾、虾种、高密度、培育

 

DISCUSSION OF THE HIGH DENSITY - REARING TECHNIQUE OF

LARGE SIZE PRAWN SEEDLING AND ITS APPARATUS

Lu Jiaju Wang Zujun Yu Weiwen Gong Yuzhen Shen Mingming

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：Owing to the rapid development of prawn culture and the spread in wide range, it is hard to supply enough seedling in some area and so it will directly relate economic income of the cultivation to decrease the seedling quantity and to raise its surviving rate. The paper presents a high density rearing technique of the large size prawn seedling and its apparatus, The culture is carried out with indoor cement pond whose natural environment is changed into man-controlled ecology environment based on man-controlling temperature, water quality and feed. The size of the seedling cultivated from the pond is about 2cm. The culture density should be between 8000-10000seedling/mu which is 2/3 less than the common culture density and surviving rate is about 80% and the unit output heightens above 40%. The size of the cultivated prawn is larger and economic income is fine. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 91/1)

KEY WORDS: prawn, prawn seed, high density, rearing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SQY7型潜走式池塘清淤机研究

张明华 杨 菁 丁永良 张建华 赵根生 徐永坤 陆永安

渔业机械仪器研究所 上海新泾机械厂

(上海 200092) (上海 200335)

 

【摘要】本文介绍了针对精养鱼塘清淤问题而研制的一种潜走式池塘清淤机。该机以低比压浮筒式螺旋推进器和潜式泥浆泵为主要机具，只需一人在岸上线控操纵，既能潜入水底自动行走清淤，还可爬越塘堤和在陆地移动。该机适用于鱼塘、渠道、船闸、码头等难以排干水后施工的场合进行清淤、挖泥。（《疏浚与吹填》98/1）

关键词潜走式、池塘清淤、机械

 

RESEARCH ON MODEL SQY 7 POND--SILT DREDGER WITH UNDERWATER

WALKING ABILITY

Zhang Minghua Yang jing Ding Yongliang Zhang Jianhua

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

Zhao Gensheng Xu Yongkun Lu Yongan

(Shanghai Xinjing Machinery Manufactory,Shanghai200335,China)

 

Abstract：For solving the problem of the dredging silt from fishpond bottom, a silt-dredger with the underwater walking ability is developed and its main implements are the diving type mud pump and screw propeller on the low specific pressure buoy. The dredger can be tele-controlled by one person on the pond bank and it can automatically dive on pond bottom and dredge silt. It can move on land and climb over pond dam, therefore the machine is suitable to dredge silt and dig soil from fishpond, canal, lock and other sites whose water is hard to drain off. (<<DREDGE AND BLOWING FILL>> 98/1)

KEY WORDS: underwater walking, pond-silt dredging, machine

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

鱼菜共生技术及系统工程研究

张明华 丁永良 杨菁 王祖钧 张旭

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 本文介绍了运用生态学原理和环境条件监控手段建立起来的、符合可持续发展要求的设施渔业新技术-鱼菜共生技术，该技术涉及养殖水系营养物质循环流动。文中介绍了探索氨氮、PH、溶氧、温度等因子对鱼菜不同生长阶段的影响，总结了不同密度鱼类与不同种类、不同生长阶段蔬菜之间的优化配比关系，并就鱼菜共生系统工程设计的模式进行了论述。(2002年中国（台湾）水产协会论文集)

关键词鱼菜共生、系统工程

 

RESEARCH ON TECHNIQUE AND THE SYSTEM ENGINEERING OF

THE FISH AND VEGETABLE SYMBIOSIS

Zhang Minghua, Ding Yongliang, Yang Jing, Wang Zujun, Zhang Xu

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：This thesis presents a new fishery technique－fish and vegetable symbiosis technique which accords with the demand of the continued development. The apparatus is built up by using the ecology principle and the monitoring and controlling means of the circumstance conditions. The technique includes the nutritive material cycle in the water system for culture. In the paper, the influence of amino nitrogen, acidity, dissolved oxygen and temperature upon fish and vegetable in their different growing stages is investigated. The best match relationship between the fish quantity and various kinds vegetable in different growing stages is summarized and the design pattern of the system engineering for fish and vegetable symbiosis is explained. (2002 PAPERS COLLECTION OF CHINESE FISHERY SOCIETY (Taiwan))

KEY WORDS: fish and vegetable symbiosis, system engineering

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ZRD8-500型双钩型织网机

陈丽艳

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 渔网是捕捞作业最基本的必备工具。八十年代开始，手工织网迅速向机器织网转化。织网机是生产网片的机器，主要类型有：无结编网机、有结织网机（又可分为单钩型和双钩型）和拉塞尔经编机。双钩型织网机是当今国际上最先进的有结网片编织机器。

本文介绍了ZRD8-500A双钩型织网机的结构形式、织网成结过程、主要技术参数以及适用网线范围等；还介绍了几个典型机构的设计过程，重在凸轮曲线的优化设计和提高制造工艺。(《渔业机械仪器》93/3)

关键词织网机、双钩型

 

MODEL ZRD 8-500 DOUBLE HOOKS TYPE NET MAKER

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The net is the most essential implement for fishing. The hand made net-making is transformed into the machine net-making from the beginning of the 80s. The net maker is a netting-making machine, whose main types are knotless knitter, knot knitter (divided into single hook and double hooks types) and RASCHEL machine. The double hooks type net maker is the most advanced net-knitting machine in the world of today.

The paper introduces the followings: the structure, process of knot-knitting and net-making, main technical parameters, applicable range of the netting twines and so on. The paper presents the design process of some typical parts of the machine and centers on the optimum design of the cam curve and improvement the manufacturing technology. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 93/3)

KEY WORDS: net maker, double hooks

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

渔船绞纲机标准探讨

陈 军

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】渔船绞纲机是最基本的捕捞机械之一。随着渔业生产的发展，对各类绞纲机提出了更高的要求，原渔船绞纲机行业标准已难以满足科研和生产的需求，有必要参照ISO 6115：1988《造船—拖网绞纲机》进行修订。本文介绍了ISO 6115标准的情况，认为ISO 6115标准规定了在各种动力方式驱动下的单卷筒或双卷筒绞纲机的要求和特性，在引用标准、定义、规格和类型、特性、技术要求、验收试验以及标志等多方面做了比较全面、系统的规定。ISO 6115标准既为绞纲机的设计、制造和验收提供了重要依据，又指明了今后发展的方向，具有明显的先进性、合理性和实用性。同时说明了渔船绞纲机行业标准正在参照ISO 6115标准进行修订。(《渔业现代化》96/5)

关键词渔船、绞纲机、标准

 

DISCUSSION OF STANDARD OF THE WIRE WINCH FOR FISHING VESSEL

Chen Jun

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The wire winch is one of the essential fishing machines. Following the development of fishing production, it is required that all kinds of the winches have the better performance. The original standard is unsuitable for science research and production, therefore its revising is necessary with referring to the standard ISO6115-1988<<Ship-construction, trawl winch>>. The paper presents ISO6115 standard and points out that it stipulates the required performance and features of the wire winches with single or double drums, which are driven by the different power supply. The standard makes also many complete and series stipulations for the quoted standard, definition, specifications, types, feature, technical requirement, acceptance-test and mark. It provides an important basis for design, manufacture and acceptance of wire winch and points out the developing direction for future; therefore it is advanced, reasonable and suitable. The article explains that the revising of the standard of wire winch is going on by referring to ISO6115 standard. (<<FISHERY MODERNIZATION>> 96/5)

KEY WORDS: fishing vessel, wire winch, standard

 

 

 

 

 

 

鸡粪制饲料蛋白的研究

沈义章 杨汉明 林修德等

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 本文介绍了国内外对鸡粪饲料化的利用，以大量事例证明了鸡粪制饲料的养殖效果和经济价值。在对国内各种鸡粪饲料化加工方法进行讨论和比较后，认为在湿鸡粪处理中关键工艺是发酵。据此，论述了通过试验采取高温快速发酵的方法，达到灭菌和除臭的目的，并探索出一种加工工艺，可以使湿鸡粪的发酵和干燥周期缩短，从而完全摆脱自然条件的限制，确保鸡粪饲料化处理形成工业化生产。(《渔业机械仪器》91/4)

关键词鸡粪、饲料化

 

RESEARCH ON THE FEED PROTEIN MADE FROM CHICKEN FECES

Shen Yizhang Yan Hanming Lin Xiude et al.

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The paper presents the utilization of chicken feces to make feed at home and abroad and proves the effect of the feed made from chicken feces in fish culture and its economic value with a lot of instances. After discussing and comparing with the various processing methods to make feed from chicken feces in our country, it is considered that the key technology of the moist chicken feces treatment is ferment The paper explains the tested method of the quick ferment with high temperature to sterilize and remove stink. A processing technology is found to shorten the fermenting and drying period for treatment of the moist chicken feces and this technique removes completely the limit of natural condition and makes the treatment of chicken feces and production of the feed form an industrial production. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>>91/4)

KEY WORDS: chicken feces, feed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ZRD-8-500型织网机的设计

周 彤

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 本文介绍了国内自行设计制造的第一台编织双死结渔网的ZRD-8-500型织网机的总体设计思路、主要技术参数、凸轮曲线配合情况以及该机与几种型号、规格相似的进口织网机的主要性能比较。(《渔业机械仪器》90/5)

关键词织网机、双死结

 

DESIGN OF MODEL ZRD-8-500 NET MAKER

Zhou Tong

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract： The paper introduces model ZRD-8-500 net maker which is the first machine designed and manufactured by our country to knit the double fast knots netting, its general design thinking, the main technical parameters, the match of the cam curve and the comparison of the main performance with some imported net makers whose type and specifications are similar to the net maker. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 90/5)

KEY WORDS: net maker, double fast knots

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

直流稳速电动机的动态分析

定明永

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 本文详细介绍了用离心调速器稳速的直流电动机的动态分析。分析了电枢电流振荡、转速振荡情况，进而分析了电动机的稳速特性。同时指出调速器设计和制造中的注意事项。(《渔业机械仪器》92/6)

关键词电动机、直流、稳速、

 

DYNAMIC ANALYSIS ON THE DIRECT CURRENT CONSTANT-SPEED MOTOR

Ding Mingyong

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract: The paper expounds the dynamic analysis on the direct current motor in which a fly ball speed regulator is used to steady the rotational speed. The paper also analyses the oscillation of the armature current and the oscillation of the rotational speed and furthermore it analyses the steady speed character of the motor, and points out some things, which must be considered during the design and production of the speed regulator. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 92/6)

KEY WORDS: motor, DC, constant speed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

植物蛋白在虾、鳗饲料中应用及其加工工艺设备的探讨

俞燕骏

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 在虾、鳗等特种水产品养殖中，饲料成本要占养殖总成本的2/3以上，饲料中的蛋白源主要靠鱼粉。大豆被公认为是营养价值最高的植物蛋白源，在国外已被广泛用来代替鱼粉等动物蛋白生产鱼虾饲料。但大豆中存在着一些抑制鱼虾生长的抗营养因子，与鱼粉相比，也存在矿物质、其他营养因子不足的问题。后者可通过饲料配方中添加解决，前者则需从加工工艺和加工设备上解决。本文介绍了国内两种基本的虾饲料生产工艺流程和配套设备的情况，分析了每种的优缺点。在此基础上，参照国外工艺和膨化新技术，提出了植物蛋白加工工艺流程和配套设备的意见。(《渔业机械仪器》91/6)

关键词植物蛋白、虾饲料、工艺、设备

 

DISCUSSION OF USAGE OF THE PLANT PROTEIN IN SHRIMPAND

EELFEED AND ITS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENTS

Yu Yanjun

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：In special aquaculture such as prawn and eel, the feed cost constitutes above 2/3 of total cost. The protein in the feed is mainly dependent on fishmeal. But the soybean is a well known plant protein source with the most nutritive value, which is widely used to produce the fish and shrimp feed, instead of fish meal in countries abroad, but there are some questions, the front one is anti-nutritive factors in soybean and the back one is short of mineral and other nutritive factors. Adding some thing in the feed ingredients can solve the back one and the front one can only be solved by means of processing technology and equipment. The paper introduces two essential productive technological processes of the shrimp feed and equipments, and analyses their merits demerits and on this base and referring to technology abroad and new expanding technique. The paper gives the suggestion of the processing technological process for plant protein feed and its equipments. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 91/6)

KEY WORDS: plant protein, prawn feed, technology, equipment

 

 

 

 

 

 

工业化养鱼工程设计浅谈

胡伯成 王祖钧

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 在中原油田60吨、600吨级两期工业化养鱼工程设计以及平望养鳗场水处理系统修改设计取得成功的基础上，本文采用理论与实践相结合的方式，较详细地介绍了工业化养鱼工艺流程的选择和设计；采用一元化鱼池的优点；生化处理的机理，生物包负荷计算的参考公式及生物包的设计；物理处理方法及斜板沉淀池的设计；鱼池及车间设计；鼓风增氧系统的设计计算等工业化养鱼工程设计中最基本、最关键的内容。(《渔业机械仪器》92/5)

关键词工业化养鱼、工程、设计

 

ELEMENTARY INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN OF THE

INDUSTRIALIZED FISH FARMING ENGINEERING

Hu Bocheng Wang Zujun

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：Based on the two designs of the industrialized fish farming projects with yield of 60t and 600t in Zhong Yuan oilfield and the successful revision of the design of the water treatment system in Ping Wang eel culture farm, the thesis expounds in the style of theory connecting with practice, the design and selection of the technological process of the industrialized fish farming and there are follows: the merit of using a united fishpond; the mechanism of biochemical treatment; reference formula for load calculation of the biological unit and its design; physical treatment method and design of precipitating tank; design of fishpond and workshop; design and calculation of blow-aerating system and so on. They are the essential and key contents of the design of the industrialized fish farming engineering.(<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 92/5 )

KEY WORDS: industrialized fish farming, engineering, design

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

立式泥浆泵的转矩测试方法及装置探讨

钟立志 贾源瑢

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 本文介绍了采用JCL型转矩转速传感器与转矩转速仪配套，在立式泥浆泵轴功率测试中的应用进行了探讨，包括传感器的选型、安装台架设计、转矩测量原理、测量精度以及应用效果。该测试方法经验证已经达到国家B级检测台位对转矩测量的精度要求，在立式泥浆泵检测中得到了成功应用。(《渔业机械仪器》92/1)

关键词泥浆泵、立式、转矩、测试

 

DISCUSSION OF MEASURING AND TESTING METHOD

OF THE TORQUE OF VERTICAL MUD PUMP

Zhong Lizhi Jia Yuanrong

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：The paper presents the usage of the model JCL torque and rotation speed sensor and the torque and rotation speed meter, by both of them a measuring unit is composed and a discussion of its usage in measuring and testing the shaft power of the vertical mud pump is carried out, and it is follows; selection of sensor, design of installation stand, principle of the torque measurement, its precision and usage effect. After being tested, it is proved that the method already has reached the precision requirement of national B class measuring stand to the torque measurement. Its usage in measuring vertical mud pump is successful. (<<FISHERY MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT>> 92/1)

KEY WORDS: mud pump, vertical type, torque, measuring and testing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

微囊颗粒饲料的加工技术及在培育幼仔鱼虾中的试验

倪叶鑫

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】传统的苗种培育一直依赖于硅藻、丰年虫等浮游生物。本文就微囊颗粒饲粒的加工技术，着重介绍了用相分离—复凝聚工艺进行囊化处理的方法、机理、条件和加工过程中的调节。同时根据工艺要求，研制或选用了微粉碎、混乳、包膜、浓缩及冷却固化、干燥等成套设备，以适应具有小规模生产微囊颗粒饲料的条件。文章还介绍了微囊成品在喂养对虾、三疣梭子蟹和大口黑鲈等苗种的生产试验中获得的良好饲育效果。（上海市水产学会优秀论文集，1991年）

关键词微囊饲料、加工

 

PROCESSING TECHNIQUE OF TINY CAPSULE FEED AND ITS

USAGE－TEST IN FISH, SHRIMP SEEDLING CULTURE

Ni Yexin

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract：In traditional fish and shrimp seedling culture, their feed is mainly depended on plankton such as diatom and brine shrimps. The processing technique of the tiny capsule feed is in the paper explained. At the base of the phase-separation-complex coagulation technique, the method of capsule making, mechanism, condition and regulation in processing are specially expounded. According to technological requirement, the whole set of equipments from grinding, mix emulsifying, film-forming, concentrating, solidify-cooling and drying are developed or selected to suit the small sized production of the tiny capsule feed. The culture test using the tiny capsule feed for seedling of black perch, swimming crab and prawn is carried out and the fine effect is got. (THE EXCELLENT THESES COLECTION OF SHANGHAI FISHERY ASSOCIATION 1991)

KEY WORDS: tiny capsule feed, processing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

东海冬季海面温锋带的观察与分析

莫秦生

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 本文以NOAA卫星红外图像为基础，观察、分析了东海冬季海表温度场与温锋带，指出除了大家已经熟悉的黑潮西侧锋和浙闽沿岸锋外，在东海中部大陆架边缘内侧大约80m～150m等深线之间，也存在一条大致呈西南-东北走向的温锋带——东海陆架温锋带。文中提出，东海冬季上层水体可用上述三条温锋带及南黄海暖流温锋带，将其分成四个特征海区：黑潮高温区、黑潮西侧次高温区、黑潮分支中温区和浙闽沿海及南黄海冷水舌低温区。实测资料（多年平均年变化曲线）表明，在这四个特征海区内，虽有较大的纬度跨度，却有甚为相似的温度变化特征。作者认为，黑潮西侧次高温区的划分，不仅有利于东海海洋学的研究，也将对东海外海渔业生产有一定的指导意义。（《亚太地区海洋与渔业遥感应用研讨会文集》1990年5月）

关键词东海、冬季、温锋带

 

SATELLITIC OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE

SHARPLINE ON THE SURFACE OF THE EASTCHINASEA IN WINTER

Mo Qinsheng

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

 

Abstract:Based on the NOAA satellite IR images，the temperature fields and the thermal front on the surface of the East China Sea in winter is observed and analyzed，and it is points out that, except for the known front in western side of the kuroshio and coastal front of the Zhe-Min sea area, there is also a thermal front-called the thermal front of con tinental shelf of the East China Sea. Roughly running from southwest to northeast, lying between iso-depth lines of 80m to 150m of the interior sides of continental shelf in the middle of the east china sea,.

In the paper it is given out that the upper sea body of the East China Sea in winter can be divided into four specific sea areas by the above-mentioned 3 thermal fronts. They are high temperature area in the kuroshio, sub-high temperature area in the western side of the kuroshio, medium temperature area in the branch of the kuroshio and low temperature area along the coast of the Zhe—Min sea area and cold-water tongue of the south Yellow Sea. The data measured by the site (i.e. average annual variation curve of years) indicates that there is a quite similar thermal variation characteristic in this specific sea areas though their latitude span is large.

The writer considers, the division of sub-high temperature area in the western side of the kuroshio is not only helpful to the study on oceanology of the East China Sea, but also a guide for the fishery production in the off-sea of the East China Sea. (《Report of the Seminar on Sensing Applications for Oceanography and Environment Analysis》May 1990)

KEY WORDS:East China Sea, winter season, temperature sharpline

 

 

 

褐藻酸一步法脱水技术研究

郭鹏敏 王真森 裴振红

渔业机械仪器研究所 山东洁晶集团日照化工二厂

(上海 200092) (上海 200092)

 

【摘要】我国褐藻胶生产过程中，要求褐藻酸脱水后含水率为65%~70%。八十年代引进或自制的脱水设备，只能作为第一级脱水，之后还需重复“粉碎→装袋→平板压榨（脱水）”这一过程三遍，约7小时左右，劳动强度大，时间长，产品质量受到很大影响。本文介绍了在分析褐藻酸的物性及脱水性能后，研究褐藻酸一次连续脱水达到含水率65%~70%的技术，进而确定采用单螺杆螺旋脱水机和双螺杆螺旋脱水机串联，进行褐藻酸的连续脱水，并研制了相应的脱水设备。设备经调试和生产使用证明，一步法脱水技术的研究是成功的，填补了我国褐藻酸连续脱水技术的空白，为我国褐藻酸连续化生产奠定了基础。(《渔业现代化》00/4)

关键词褐藻酸、脱水

RESEARCH ON THE ONE-STEP MODE DEHYDRATION TECHNIQUE

OF BROWN ALGA ACID

Guo Pengmin Wang Zhensen

(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of ChineseAcademy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092,China)

Pei Zhenhong

（Ri Zhao No.2 Chemistry Factory Shandong Jiejing，Rizhao 276800,China）

 

Abstract: In the production of the brown alga glue in our country, 65%～70% moisture content of the brown alga acid is required after its dehydration, and the equipments of the imported one or the domestic manufactured one in the 80s are only used for the first dehydrating, afterwards, the process of grinding→sacking→flat plat pressing must be repeated for 3 times, and it lasts for 7 hours with arduous labor long time, and bad quality of the product. The paper presents the research on the continually dehydrating technique of the brown alga acid with its moisture content of 65%～70%. After analysis and research on the physical property and dehydrating specialty of the brown alga acid, it is determined that the single-and double screw dehydrators are in series connection used for the continual dehydration of the brown alga acid and the relevant dehydrating equipment is developed. After regulation of the equipments and usage in production, it is proved that the one-step mode dehydration technique is successful and makes a base for the continual production of the brown alga acid and fills up the blank of this technique in our country. (<<FISHERY MODERNIZATION>> 00/4)

KEY WORDS: brown alga acid,dehydration

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

有限元素法建立水泵流体动力学问题计算格式

徐德明

(中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)

 

【摘要】 本文通过有限元素法建立了水泵流体动力学问题的计算格式